[narration] direct and indirect speech rules hindi

WhatsApp Group Join Now
Telegram Group Join Now
5/5 - (1 vote)

direct and indirect speech rules hindi : – यहां आप narration से संबंधित जानकारी का अध्ययन करेगें जो बोर्ड परीक्षा में इसी से संबंधित प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं।

direct and indirect speech rules hindi

Direct Speech: जब किसी वक्ता के कथन को उसी के शब्दों में व्यक्त किया जाता है, तब वह Direct Speech कहलाता है। Direct Speech में किसी का कथन प्राय: inverted commas के बीच में रहता है ।direct and indirect speech rules hindi

कुछ पारिभाषिक शब्दों की व्याख्या

Indirect Speech: जब किसी वक्ता के कथन को उसी के शब्दों में न कहकर उसके आशय या सारांश को अपने शब्दों में व्यक्त किया जाता है, तब वह Indirect Speech कहलाता है। Indirect Speech को inverted commas के भीतर नहीं रखा जाता है।

Direct Speech को Indirect Speech में परिवर्तित किया जा सकता है। इसके कुछ नियम हैं, जिन्हें समझने के पहले कुछ पारिभाषिक शब्दों को समझ लें।

(a) Reporting Verb : Inverted Commas के बाहर एक वाक्य रहता है, जिसके Verb को Reporting Verb कहते हैं। He said, “I am ready.” यहाँ said’ Reporting Verb है। direct and indirect speech rules hindi

(b) Reported Speech: Inverted Commas के भीतर जो वाक्य रहता है, उसे Reported Speech कहते हैं। He said, “I am ready.” यहाँ ‘I am ready Reported Speech है।

(c) Verb of the Reported Speech: Inverted Commas के भीतर जो वाक्य रहता है, उसे Reported Speech कहते हैं और उसमें प्रयुक्त Verb को Verb of the Reported Speech | He said, “I am ready.” यहाँ am’ Verb of the Reported Speech है। direct and indirect speech rules hindi

यह भी पढ़ें :- active and passive voice

changing into indirect speech

Direct Speech को Indirect Speech में बदलने के लिए कुछ General Rules हैं और कुछ Special Rules, General Rules उन नियमों को कहते हैं जो प्रत्येक प्रकार के वाक्य के साथ लागू होते हैं, वहीं Special Rules विभिन्न प्रकार के वाक्यों के लिए भिन्न-भिन्न होते हैं। General Rules को हम तीन भागों में इस प्रकार बाँट सकते हैं –

  • change of person
  • chenge of tense
  • change of other parts of speech

1. change of person

change of person
change of person

Direct Speech को Indirect Speech में बदलने पर Inverted Commas के भीतर जितने Persons (first, second और third) रहते हैं, वे इस नियम के अनुसार बदल जाते हैं

1. First Person Reporting Verb के Subject के अनुसार

2. Second Person Reporting Verb के Object के अनुसार

3. Third Person-No change

Note: (1) जब Reporting Verb Present या Future Tense में रहता है, तब Indirect Speech में कहीं भी Tense में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होता है। हम यहाँ Reporting Verb को Present/Future Tense में रखेंगे ताकि Tense परिवर्तन की समस्या उत्पन्न न हो और Change of Person की प्रक्रिया सही ढंग से स्पष्ट हो सके।

(2) जब Inverted Commas के भीतर Assertive Sentence रहता है, तब Indirect Speech में Inverted Commas के बदले that का प्रयोग होता है।

(3) जब Reporting Verb say/says/said रहे और उसके बाद object रहे, तो आप यहाँ इसे Indirect Speech में tell/tells/told में बदल दें। अगर Object न रहे, तो Reporting Verb में परिवर्तन नहीं करें।

(4) Person बदलते समय Number तथा Case विशेष ध्यान दें, क्योंकि ये नहीं बदलते हैं। आपकी सुविधा के लिए Personal Pronouns के सभी forms को आगे तालिका में दिया जा रहा है जिसे हमेशा ध्यान में रखें।

2. Change of tense

Change of tense
Change of tense


(i) जब Reporting Verb Present/Future Tense में रहता है, तब Indirect Speech में कहीं भी Tense में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होता है। अभी तक दिए गए उदाहरणों से यह पूर्णतः स्पष्ट है ।

(ii) जब Reporting Verb Past Tense में रहता है, तब Inverted Commas के भीतर प्रयुक्त Tense में परिवर्तन होता है। यह परिवर्तन इस प्रकार होता है direct and indirect speech rules hindi

solved examples

1.he said to me,”i am your friend.”

he told me that he was my friend.

2. she said to me,”i am to help me”

she told me that she was to help me.

3. they said to us,” we are giving you a nice present.”

they told us that they were giving  us a nice present. direct and indirect speech rules hindi

4. mohan said to her ,” i love you.”

mohan told her that he loved her.

5. i said to my friend,”i have sympathy for you.”

i told my friend that i had sympathy for them. direct and indirect speech rules hindi

6. she said to me,”i want to give you my pen.”

she told me that she wanted to give me my pen.

7. she said to me,”they have never helped me.”

she told me that they had never helped her.

8. mohan said to her,” i have been teaching your sister for years.”

mohan told her he had been teaching her sister for years.

9. he said to me,”i can defect you”

he told me that i could defect me.

10. the child said to his mother,”i shall obey her.”

the child told his mother that he should obey her. direct and indirect speech rules hindi

exception

यदि Inverted Commas के भीतर कोई ऐसा कथन हो जिससे चिरंतन सत्य या सिद्धांत (Universal Truth) का बोध हो, तो Reporting Verb के Past Tense में रहने पर भी Reported Speech के Tense में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं होगा। ( direct and indirect speech rules hindi ) examples :-

1. He said, “The earth is round.”

He said that the earth is round.

2. My father said to me, “Honesty is the best policy.”

My father told me that honesty is the best policy.

3. He said, “Work is worship.”

He said that work is worship. direct and indirect speech rules hindi

4.The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”

The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

5. He remarked, “A bad carpenter quarrels with his tools.”

He remarked that a bad carpenter quarrels with his tools.

6. he said, “Two and two is four.”

He said that two and two is four. direct and indirect speech rules hindi

3. change of other parts of speech

Change of tense
Change of tense

जब Reporting Verb Past Tense में रहता है, तब Reported Speech में जितने भी निकटतासूचक शब्द रहेते हैं, वे सब-के-सब Indirect Speech में दूरी सूचक शब्दों में बदल जाते हैं direct and indirect speech rules hindi

महत्वपूर्ण पोस्ट लिंक

top 100 gk bihar का परिचय
सामान्य ज्ञान
200+ gk pdf ज्वाइन टेलीग्राम direct and indirect speech rules hindi
Rakesh Prajapati

Rakesh Prajapati, a seasoned educator with five years of valuable teaching experience, brings a wealth of expertise to the field. Armed with a B.Ed degree, he possesses a strong foundation in pedagogical practices. Alongside his teaching role, Rakesh is the visionary founder of pdfstore.co.in, demonstrating not only his commitment to education but also his entrepreneurial spirit in making educational resources more accessible. His extensive experience and innovative contributions underscore his dedication to the field of education.

Sharing Is Caring:

1 thought on “[narration] direct and indirect speech rules hindi”

Leave a Comment